Publications and media
The Clean Oceans Initiative
An estimated 8 million tonnes of plastic waste and 1.5 million tonnes of microplastics enter the oceans every year. This threatens marine ecosystems as well as the communities relying on the seas for...
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Ex-post evaluation of the Budget Support Program for Sustainable Forest Management in Türkiye (CTR1069-CTR1074...
To reinforce the strategic integration of climate change adaptation and mitigation in relation to Greenhouse gas (GHG) in the General Directorate of Forestry (OGM)’s activities. To support the i...
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How to improve food security?
According to the World Food Programme, the number of people facing acute food insecurity has more than doubled since 2019, from 135 million to 345 million around the world. The food crisis has multipl...
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Strong sustainability and property rights
The core principle of strong sustainability is non-substitutability. Many economic resources rely on ecosystem function, which is at best partially substitutable; ecosystem function can be maintained...
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Defining standards of good ecological condition for computing the ESGAP in developing countries
This report seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of an "all-country" ESGAP (Environmental Sustainability Gap), the implementation of the framework and the calculation of ESGAP parameters for as many c...
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Ex-post evaluation of Tubas Governorate water supply improvement and sanitation access enhancement project, Pa...
The general objective was to improve the living conditions of the population of the villages located in the districts of Tubas and Jenin, in the north of the West Bank, through improved access to wate...
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AFD and Costa Rica
A country with great ecological wealth, Costa Rica stands out for its continuous commitment to the conservation of the environment and biodiversity since the 1980s. AFD has been assisting the count...
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AFD Group and Angola
In Angola, AFD Group supports the sustainable development priorities of its local partners, by financing improved access to water and electricity for all. AFD also supports economic and financial tran...
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AFD Group and Armenia
AFD Group has been present in Armenia since 2013. AFD finances development projects via loans as well as grants, notably from the European Union. It is mainly active in the sectors of irrigation, rura...
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Emerging and Developing Countries: The Noose is Tightening
The dual shock of the health crisis and the war in Ukraine has pushed up inflation to an extent not seen in developed countries since the 1979 oil shock and the Iran-Iraq war. This shock has put an en...
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AFD Group and the Gambia
The Republic of the Gambia is the smallest country of continental Africa and one of the priority countries for French development assistance. The country carries a heavy public debt as well as many ch...
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Unbundling Eskom: How would a new distribution system impact on energy poverty
South Africa’s electricity generation and transmission are currently dominated by the country’s vertical monopoly power utility, Eskom. Distribution is shared between 165 licenced municipalities and E...
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AFD and Agriculture in Angola
Angola’s agricultural potential is considered to be the greatest in Southern Africa, thanks to considerable water resources, a favorable climate and a large amount of available arable land. Neverthele...
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African Economies in 2023
This fourth edition of “African Economies,” has been produced by AFD in an age of consequences, an age experiencing a combination of protracted crises whose effects are immediate, an age with both cli...
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Looking back at 15 years of AFD support for geographical indications: what contribution to sustainable develop...
There is a long history behind the use of origin marking. Producers and consumers are familiar with products such as Parma ham, Darjeeling tea, Colombian coffee or Champagne. These are just some examp...
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The approach based on human rights and the reduction of multidimensional inequalities. A combination inextrica...
This study examines how human rights can guide a form of development that gives priority to improving the well-being of populations, while contributing to the ecological transformation - a form of dev...
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Energy transition minerals and the SDGs. A systematic review
In order to meet the climate objectives set by the Paris Agreement, all countries will have to operate a dramatic structural change by replacing most fossil energy sources with renewable ones that are...
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The African Economy 2022
This issue of L’Économie africaine has been created by Éditions La Découverte and the Agence française de développement (AFD) (French Development Agency), who are continuing their collaboration for th...
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The Benefits of Marine Protected Areas in Fighting Inequality and Fostering Environmental Sustainability in In...
This research paper aims to explore the potential benefits of marine protected areas (MPAs) and assess their impact on environmental sustainability and inequality in Indonesia.
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The Sustainable Development Analysis
Through its operations, AFD Group is committed to building a fairer and more sustainable world that leaves no one behind. Since 2014, the Sustainable Development Analysis and Opinion mechanism (A...
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A public policy loan to support the Philippines in the implementation of its climate policies
The Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. In addition to their direct impacts on people,it could cost the country more than $3.5 billion a year by 2040. The Phi...
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